Week 49 at the Met salutes Franco Zeffirelli. How you know Franco Zeffirelli may depend on whether you spend more time in movie theaters or opera houses.
Opera fans know him as the man who created 11 new productions for the Metropolitan Opera over 35 years. Filmgoers might know Zeffirelli for his films Romeo and Juliet (1968), Endless Love (1981) and his star-studded film version of Hamlet (1990). But those two worlds often overlapped with film adaptations of Otello and La Traviata and other opera-themed works such as Callas Forever.
Three productions this week are being shown for the first time: his 1978 productions of Mascagni’s Cavalleria Rusticana and Leoncavallo’s Pagliaci, his 1990 staging of Mozart’s Don Giovanni and his 1997 staging of Bizet’s Carmen.
All productions become available at 7:30 PM EST/4:30 PM PST and remain available for 23 hours. Schedules and timings may be subject to change.
The Met is heavily promoting their Met Stars Live in Concert series and the planned resumption of performances in the 2021-2022 season, so you’ll have to go past those announcements and promos to find the streaming productions on the Metropolitan Opera website.
If you read this column early enough on February 15th, you might still have time to catch the 1988-1989 production of Die Walküre by Richard Wagner that concludes the second week of Black History Month.
Here is the full line-up for Week 49 at the Met:
Monday, February 15 – Puccini’s La Bohème
Conducted by Nicola Luisotti; starring Angela Gheorghiu, Ainhoa Arteta, Ramón Vargas, Ludovic Tézier, Quinn Kelsey, Oren Gradus and Paul Plishka. This revival of Franco Zeffirelli’s 1981 production is from the 2007-2008 season. This is an encore presentation of the production that streamed on March 17th and September 27th.
Easily one of the most popular operas in the world, Giacomo Puccini’s La Bohème had its world premiere in Turin, Italy in 1896. The libretto is by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa. The opera is based on Henri Murger’s 1851 novel, Scènes de la vie de bohème.
The story centers on four friends who are unable to pay their rent. Successfully getting out of a potentially bad situation with their landlord, all but one go out on the town. Rodolfo stays home and meets a young woman named Mimi. They fall in love, but Mimi’s weakness may be a sign of something far more life-threatening than they know.
I know this is opera, not sports, but one important statistic is central to this production. March 29, 2008, marked the 347th performance of Zeffirelli’s production of La Bohème at the Met. That didn’t just make it the most performances of a single production of La Bohème to play the Met, this was the most performances of a single production of any opera in the Met’s history.
Tuesday, February 16 – Verdi’s Falstaff
Conducted by James Levine; starring Mirella Freni, Barbara Bonney, Marilyn Horne, Bruno Pola and Paul Plishka. This revival of Franco Zeffirelli’s 1964 production is from the 1992-1993 season. This is an encore presentation of the production that was made available on July 24th and October 23rd.
Two of Shakespeare’s play served as the inspiration for Verdi’s Falstaff: The Merry Wives of Windsor and sections from Henry IV Parts 1 and 2. Arrigo Boito adapted the plays to create the libretto. Falstaff had its world premiere in 1893 at La Scala in Milan. This was Verdi’s final opera and only his second comedic opera.
Simply put, Sir John Falstaff tries everything he can to woo two married woman so he can assume their husband’s vast fortunes. He’s rather bumbling in his efforts and the machinations in place to thwart his endeavors leave him with nothing short of a major comeuppance.
Edward Rothstein, writing for the New York Times, seemed to thoroughly enjoy the production. And he was very pleased with Plishka’s performance as the title character:
“Mr. Plishka gave the role an almost touchingly human quality. In the astonishing first scene aria, in which Falstaff declares his ambitions, mocks the idea of honor and praises his belly, there were few mannerisms or exaggerations. Mr. Plishka played it straight; he was a Falstaff almost enticingly full of himself. His voice was not often handsome (why should it have been?) but it was large, weighty and in character.”
Wednesday, February 17 – Mascagni’s Cavalleria Rusticana and Leoncavallo’s Pagliacci FIRST SHOWING
Both operas conducted by James Levine. Cavalleria Rusticana starring Tatiana Troyanos, Jean Kraft, Plácido Domingo and Vern Shinall. Pagliacci starring Teresa Stratas, Plácido Domingo, Sherrill Milnes and Allan Monk. This Franco Zeffirelli production is from the 1977-1978 season.
Perhaps no pairing of one-act operas is more popular than the combination of Cavalleria Rusticana by Pietro Mascagni and Pagliacci by Ruggero Leoncavallo.
Cavalleria Rusticana had its world premiere in Rome in 1890. The opera is based on a short story which later became a play by Giovanni Verga. Giovanni Targioni-Tozzetti and Guido Menasci adapted them both for their libretto.
Mascagni’s opera centers on a love triangle. Turridu, who has returned from military service, goes to see his ex-lover, Lola, before seeing his current lover, Santuzza. Lola is married to Alfio. Santuzza decides to tell Alfio about the infidelity and the two men decide to duel. At the end of the opera, multiple hearts are left broken.
Pagliacci had its world premiere in Milan in 1892. Leoncavallo also wrote the libretto.
The opera tells the story of a married couple, Canio and Nedda, who are performers in a small theatre company on the road. Canio is insanely jealous and that jealousy drives Nedda to seek affection from another man, Silvio. Nedda and Silvio make plans to elope, but their plans are overheard by Tonio, another member of the company. He tells Canio about Nedda’s plans. Looking for revenge, Canio, during a performance of their touring play, makes his personal life mirror the drama in the play.
This was not the first time Domingo had sung the lead tenor roles in both operas on the same night. In fact, with this performance he did so for the 25th time. Previous double-hitters were performed in Vienna, Covent Garden and in San Francisco. These performances also marked the first time James Levine conducted each opera at the Met.
Thursday, February 18 – Puccini’s Tosca
Conducted by Giuseppe Sinopoli; starring Hildegard Behrens, Plácido Domingo and Cornell MacNeil. This Franco Zeffirelli production is from the 1984-1985 season. This is an encore presentation of the production made available on January 22nd.
It is quite likely that Puccini’s Tosca was the first opera to premiere in 1900. Its first performance was on January 14 in Rome. Based on Victorien Sardou’s 1887 play of the same name, Tosca‘s libretto was written by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa.
The setting for Tosca is Rome in 1800. The Napoleonic wars were raging and political unrest was omnipresent. The opera takes place over the course of slightly less than 24 hours. Floria Tosca is the object of Chief of Police Baron Scarpia’s lust. He uses suspicions that her lover, Mario Cavaradossi, aided a political prisoner who has escaped as an opportunity to get him out of his way which will leave Tosca for himself. After capturing Cavaradossi, Scarpia says that if Tosca doesn’t become his lover, he will have Cavaradossi killed.
This production was brand new to the Met. It also marked the first time Behrens had sung Tosca at the Met.
Donal Henahan, as only he could, was less than kind about Zeffirelli’s work in his New York Times review.
“Miss Behrens, it is generally acknowleged, is one of the more astute and intelligent actresses on the opera stage today. Why, then, did her Tosca make so little impact? Perhaps Mr. Zeffirelli’s unimaginative and often clumsy direction got in her way – it is difficult to believe, for instance, that the ”freeze-frame” attitude she struck upon first seeing the murder knife on Scarpia’s dining table was her idea. This was silent-movie posturing that took the place of any genuine dramatic idea at the crucial moment when Tosca must make up her mind to knife her prospective rapist.”
Friday, February 19 – Mozart’s Don Giovanni – FIRST SHOWING
Conducted by James Levine; starring Carol Vaness, Karita Mattila, Dawn Upshaw, Jerry Hadley, Samuel Ramey, Ferrucio Furlanetto and Kurt Moll. This Franco Zeffirelli production is from the 1989-1990 season.
The legend of Don Juan inspired this opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto is by Lorenzo da Ponte. Don Giovanni had its world premiere in 1787 in Prague.
Don Giovanni loves women. All women. Early in the opera he tries fleeing Donna Anna. In doing so her father, the Commendatore, awakens and challenges him to a duel. Giovanni kills the Commendatore – an event that will ultimately lead to his own descent into hell.
Donal Henahan, in his New York Times review, singled Ramey out for praise for his performance as the title character. “Samuel Ramey, the handsomest and most athletic Don Giovanni on the stage today, dominated the performance physically, as the Don must. But his flexible bass could also articulate cleanly a breathtakingly fast Champagne Aria and sustain a singing line in his Serenade. If his phrasing was sometimes blunt and insensitive, so was the heartless character he portrayed.”
Saturday, February 20 – Bizet’s Carmen – FIRST SHOWING
Conducted by James Levine; starring Angela Gheorghiu, Waltraud Meier, Plácido Domingo, and Sergei Leiferkus. This Franco Zeffirelli production is from the 1996-1997 season.
Georges Bizet collaborated with librettists Henri Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy on this immensely popular opera. It was based on Propser Mérimée’s novella of the same name.
When Carmen was first performed in Paris in 1875 it was considered both shocking and scandalous.
Set in Seville, Spain, Carmen is a gypsy who has caught everyone’s eye. A soldier, Don José, plays coy and gives her no attention. Her flirtation causes troubles for both when Don José’s girlfriend, Micaëla arrives. Tensions escalate between the two women and after a knight fight, José must arrest Carmen. When she seduces him it sets off a series of events that will not end well for the gypsy woman.
Bernard Holland, writing in the New York Times, singled our Domingo and Gheorghiu for praise. “Placido Domingo’s Don Jose is exquisite taste and sheer sensuous beauty. Never has a voice so suited a role, or a role a voice. Mr. Domingo’s delicacy in the ‘Flower Song’ is something I shall not soon forget.
“Micaela has not many minutes onstage, but Angela Gheorghiu squanders not a second. Every opportunity for theatrical effect and vocal nuance is fiercely taken advantage of: it is an impressive, sometimes moving exercise.”
Sunday, February 21 – Puccini’s Turandot
Conducted by Andris Nelsons; starring Maria Guleghina, Marina Poplavskaya, Marcello Giordani and Samuel Ramey. This revival of Franco Zeffirelli’s 1987 is from the 2009-2010 season.
Puccini’s opera had its world premiere in 1926 in Milan. The libretto was written by Guiseppe Adami and Renato Simoni. The composer died two years before its premiere and the opera was completed by Franco Alfani.
Set in China, Turandot tells the story of Prince Calaf who has fallen in love with the title princess. She, however, isn’t very interested in him. In order for any man to marry Turandot, he is required to correctly answer three riddles. Should any answer be wrong, the suitor is put to death. Calaf is successful, but Turandot remains opposed to their marriage. He strikes a deal with her that will either lead to their marriage or his death.
Maria Guleghina was scheduled to sing the title role. She performed at the dress rehearsal, but did not make opening night. Instead, Lise Lindstrom, who had established a strong reputation for her performances of this role, went on. Guleghina, who was making her Metropolitan Opera debut, ultimately recovered. It is she who sings the part in this film.
That concludes the line-up for Week 49 at the Met saluting the work of Franco Zeffirelli. Next week will showcase the work of the late Dmitri Hvorostovsky.
Enjoy Week 49 at the Met and enjoy your week!
Photo: Ramón Vargas and Angela Gheorghiu in Puccini’s La Bohème (Photo by Marty Sohl/Courtesy Met Opera)
